Am J Clin Pathol. 2006 Jan;125(1):57-63. Related Articles, Links 

ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma with primary bone involvement in children.

NA, Ross CW, Finn WG, Valdez R, Ruiz R, Koujok K, Schnitzer B.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=16482992&dopt=Abstract

Department of Pathology, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA.

We describe the clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features of primary bone anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) in 3 boys. Radiologic imaging showed lytic lesions involving sacrum, femur, or rib. Bone was the only site of disease in 2 cases; an associated partial lymph node was involved in case 3. Differential diagnoses included osteomyelitis and small round cell tumors of childhood, particularly Ewing sarcoma. Preoperatively, ALCL was not a diagnostic consideration in any case. Two cases showed classic large pleomorphic cells; 1 showed a composite pattern with a distinct small cell component and the more typical large cell type. Neoplastic cells in all cases showed strong CD30 and anaplastic lymphoma kinase expression with relatively weak epithelial membrane antigen positivity. Cytotoxic granule protein was expressed in 2 cases. All cases showed unusually strong expression of neuron-specific enolase (NSE). Two patients were disease-free at last follow-up (15 months and 11 years); 1 patient died of disseminated disease within a year of diagnosis. ALCL should be considered a diagnostic possibility when evaluating neoplastic bone lesions in children. Although expression of NSE in ALCL has not been emphasized in the literature, it is worth noting because it may pose a diagnostic pitfall.

PMID: 16482992 [PubMed - in process]

Histopathology. 2006 Mar;48(4):363-76.
 
Ewing's sarcoma of bone: the detection of specific transcripts in a large, consecutive series of formalin-fixed, decalcified, paraffin-embedded tissue samples using the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.

Mangham DC, Williams A, McMullan DJ, McClure J, Sumathi VP, Grimer RJ, Davies AM.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=16487358&dopt=Abstract

Department of Musculoskeletal Pathology, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.

Aims : (i) To report on the routine use of the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique on decalcified or non-decalcified, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue (FFPET) for translocation detection, with particular emphasis on improved RNA extraction methodology and the use of PCR primers designed to generate small amplicons. (ii) To report on the relative incidences of translocation types and transcript variants in a large, single institution series of Ewing's sarcoma of bone. Methods and results : Using RT-PCR to detect specific transcript variants, we analysed FFPET from 54 consecutive cases of Ewing's sarcoma of bone. We used 'gold standard' detection methods on corresponding fresh and fresh frozen tissue to validate the technique. We have demonstrated the effective use of RT-PCR on decalcified and non-decalcified FFPET samples for sarcoma-specific translocation detection (96% sensitivity, 100% specificity). Tissue decalcification did not affect the detection rate. The relative incidence of Ewing's sarcoma-specific translocation types and transcript variants was entirely consistent with previously published data. Conclusions : With equal effectiveness, RT-PCR can be applied to both acid decalcified and non-decalcified FFPET for (Ewing's sarcoma) translocation detection and the technique can be introduced into routine practice in histopathology departments.

PMID: 16487358 [PubMed - in process]

J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A. 2006 Feb;16(1):74-6.

Laparoscopic Removal of Extraosseous Ewing's Sarcoma of the Kidney in a Pediatric Patient.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=16494555&dopt=Abstract
 
Perer E, Shanberg AM, Matsunaga G, Finklestein JZ.

Miller Children's Hospital, Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, Long Beach, California., Antoci Center for Pediatric Urology and Nephrology, UC Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California.

In the pediatric population, to the best of our knowledge, only 2 cases of renal extraosseous Ewing's sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor (EES/PNET) have been published. We report the initial case of renal EES/PNET occurring in a 10-year-old girl treated by a laparoscopic radical nephrectomy. The regimen used is the first documented use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to laparoscopic radical nephrectomy for PNET. This approach obviated the need for a large incision and a prolonged postsurgical recovery. The minimally invasive nature of the laparoscopic procedure allowed for a rapid convalescence and resumption of her chemotherapy regimen within 14 days of the surgery.

PMID: 16494555 [PubMed - in process]