Table of contents

1. History, classsical clinics and pathology
   1. History
   2. Ewing Sarcoma Family of Tumors
   3. Origin of Ewing sarcoma
   4. General pathology
2. Molecular pathology
   1. General considerations
   2. Specific translocations of Ewing sarcoma
   3. Specificity of translocations
   4. Other genetic abnormalities
   5. Clinical impact of genetic abnormalities
   6. Gene dysregulations reported in ESFT
3. Diagnostics
   1. Clinical findings
   2. Laboratory changes
   3. Diagnostic imaging
   4. Biopsy and Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy (FNAB)
   5. Light microscopy
   6. Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
   7. Ultrastructural phenotypes investigated by electronmicroscopy
   8. Molecular technics
4. Staging
   1. Localized
   2. Metastatic
   3. Staging in the clinical use
5. Prognosis
6. Classical therapeutic approaches
   1. Treatment Overview
   2. Surgery
   3. Chemotherapy
   4. Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation (PBSCT)
   5. Radiation Therapy
7. Clinical trials
   1. Running clinical trials
   2. Phase III Randomized Study of Standard Induction Therapy Followed by Consolidation Therapy with Vincristine, Dactinomycin, and Ifosfamide Versus Vincristine, Dactinomycin, and Cyclophosphamide Versus Busulfan, Melphalan, and Autologous Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Support, with or without Radiotherapy and/or Surgery, in Patients with Tumor of the Ewing's Family
   3. Diagnostic Study of Tumor Characteristics in Patients With Ewing's Sarcoma
   4. Diagnostic Study of Whole-body Fast MRI and Conventional Imaging for Detecting Distant Metastases in Pediatric Patients with Solid Tumor Malignancies or Lymphoma
   5. Phase I Study of 17-N-Allylamino-17-Demethoxy Geldanamycin (17-AAG) in Patients with Advanced Epithelial Cancer, Malignant Lymphoma, or Sarcoma
   6. Phase I Study of 7-day or 21-day ABT-751 in Children with Refractory Solid Tumors
   7. Phase I Study of BMS-247550 in Children with Refractory Solid Tumors
   8. Phase I Study of Docetaxel, Gemcitabine, and Filgrastim (G-CSF) in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors
   9. Phase I Study of Interleukin-12 and Interleukin-2 in Patients with Refractory or Advanced Solid Tumors
   10. Phase I Study of Tariquidar Combined with Docetaxel, Doxorubicin, or Vinorelbine in Children with Relapsed or Refractory Solid Tumors
   11. Phase I Study of Temozolomide and O6-benzylguanine in Children with Refractory Solid Tumors
   12. Phase I Study of Yttrium Y 90-DOTA-tyr3-octreotidein Children with Advanced or Refractory Somatostatin Receptor-positive Tumors
   13. Phase I/II Study of Temozolomide in Children with Newly Diagnosed Malignant Glioma or Recurrent CNS or Other Solid Tumors
   14. Phase II Pilot Study of Autologous T-cell Transplantation with Vaccine-driven Expansion of Antitumor Effectors after Cytoreductive Therapy in Patients with Metastatic Pediatric Sarcomas
   15. Phase II Pilot Study of Induction Chemotherapy Followed by Allogeneic Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients with High-risk, Recurrent Pediatric Sarcoma
   16. Phase II Pilot Study of Low-dose Vinblastine and Celecoxib in Combination with Standard Multiagent Chemotherapy in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Metastatic Ewing's Sarcoma Family of Tumors
   17. Phase II Study of Antineoplastons A10 and AS2-1 in Patients with Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumors Outside of the Central Nervous System
   18. Phase II Study of Arsenic Trioxide in Patients with Advanced Neuroblastoma or Other Pediatric Solid Tumors
   19. Phase II Study of Bortezomib in Patients with Advanced or Metastatic Sarcoma
   20. Phase II Study of Ecteinascidin 743 in Pediatric Patients with Recurrent or Refractory Soft Tissue Sarcomas or Ewing's Sarcoma Family of Tumors
   21. Phase II Study of Exatecan Mesylate in Patients with Ewing's Sarcoma, Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor, or Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor
   22. Phase II Study of Imatinib Mesylate in Patients with Recurrent Ewing's Family of Tumors or Desmoplastic Small Round-cell Tumor
   23. Phase II Study of Imatinib Mesylate in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Pediatric Solid Tumors
   24. Phase II Study of Irinotecan in Children with Refractory CNS or Solid Tumors
   25. Phase II Study of Sequential Gemcitabine and Docetaxel in Patients with Recurrent Osteosarcoma or Ewing's Sarcoma or Unresectable or Locally Recurrent Chondrosarcoma
   26. Phase III Pilot Randomized Study of Filgrastim-SD/01 versus Filgrastim (G_CSF) with Concurrent Chemotherapy in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Sarcoma
   27. Phase III Randomized Study of Interval-compressed versus Standard Chemotherapy in Patients with Newly Diagnosed, Localized Ewing's Sarcoma or Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor
   28. Phase III Randomized Study of Standard Induction Therapy Followed by Consolidation Therapy with Vincristine, Dactinomycin, and Ifosfamide versus Vincristine, Dactinomycin, and Cyclophosphamide versus Busulfan, Melphalan, and Autologous Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Support, with or without Radiotherapy and/or Surgery, in Patients with Tumor of the Ewing's Family
   29. Phase III Study of Surgery Followed by Chemotherapy in Patients with Nonmetastatic Soft Tissue Sarcoma with Randomization to 3-Drug versus 6-Drug Continuation Therapy in Patients with High-risk Chemosensitive
   30. Randomized Study of Electroacupuncture for Treatment of Delayed Chemotherapy-induced Nausea and Vomiting in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Pediatric Sarcomas
   31. Study of Late Effects Due to Treatment in Patients Previously Treated for Pediatric Sarcoma
   32. Vincristine, Doxorubicin, Cyclophosphamide and Dexrazoxane (VACdxr) with or without Immther for Newly Diagnosed High Risk Ewing's Sarcoma (M.D. Anderson Cancer Center)
   33. Surgery Followed by Chemotherapy in Treating Young Patients with Soft Tissue Sarcoma
   34. Combination Chemotherapy Followed by Bone Marrow Transplantation in Treating Patients with Rare Cancer (Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center)
   35. Oxaliplatine (Eloxatin).
   36. DX-8951F
   37. Radio Frequency Ablation
   38. Samarium Sm-153 Lexidronam (Quadramet)
   39. Bipolar Radiofrequency Interstitial Thermo Therapy (RFITT).
   40. High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU).
   41. Photodynamic Therapy (PDT).
   42. Aptosyn (Exisulind).
   43. Holmium-166-DOTMP
8. Novel therapeutic prospects
   1. PDGF-C
   2. c-myc
   3. Tenascin-C
   4. Id2
   5. TGFbeta II Receptor
   6. Cell cycle regulators: cyclin D1, cyclin E, p21, p27, p57KIP2
   7. BARD1
   8. NfkB and JNK
   9. COL11A2
   10. Pyk2
   11. Experiments in ESTF and other cell lines, tumor samples, and nude mice
9. Best supportive care
   1. G-CSF
   2. Hydration
   3. Antiemetic therapy
   4. Blood component therapy
   5. Antimicrobic therapy
   6. Pneumocystis Pneumonitis Prophylaxis
   7. Nutrition
10. Quality of life issues
11. Measuring of QoL
    1. "Measuring" quality of life
    2. SF36 survey
12. Other Resources on the internet
    1. Selected Ewing's Sarcoma Sites
    2. Search Selected Cancer Sites for "Ewing+Sarcoma"
    3. Search the Internet for "Ewing+Sarcoma"
    4. Cancer Specific Indexes
    5. General Medical Indexes
13. References